40 g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve \u0130ran \u00c7ar\u015famba sabah\u0131 iki haftal\u0131k bir ate\u015fkeste anla\u015ft\u0131. M\u00fczakerelerin Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc Pakistan’\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130slamabad’da ba\u015flamas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran’\u0131n 10 maddelik teklifindeki kilit noktalardan biri, d\u00fcnya petrol ve gaz\u0131n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda y\u00fczde 20’sinin ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana neredeyse kapal\u0131 olan H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flamas\u0131na izin verilmesi. Bu durum, k\u00fcresel petrol ve gaz fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131rlamas\u0131na neden oldu.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, sava\u015f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde 110 dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde seyreden petrol fiyatlar\u0131 \u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc 92 dolara geriledi.<\/p>\n
Son alt\u0131 haftada 100’den fazla \u00fclke benzin pompalar\u0131nda fiyatlar\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fu Asya’da olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcmet, ulusal enerji acil durumlar\u0131 ilan etti ve t\u00fcketimi s\u0131n\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma politikalar\u0131, daha k\u0131sa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma haftalar\u0131, yak\u0131t karnesi ve soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yasaklar\u0131 gibi kat\u0131 \u00f6nlemler ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’n\u0131n yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 enerji i\u00e7in hayati bir rahatlama sa\u011flasa da, \u00fcretimin ve ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flamas\u0131ndaki gecikmeler, enerji krizinin hen\u00fcz bitmedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n
Gemilerin faaliyetlerine devam edebilmesi i\u00e7in, ate\u015fkesin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki iki haftas\u0131 boyunca g\u00fcvenlik konusunda kesinli\u011fe ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n
Su yolunun yeniden a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u015fu anda binlerce mil uza\u011fa da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol tankerlerinin, b\u00fcy\u00fck rezervuarlarda bekleyen milyonlarca varil petrol\u00fc almak i\u00e7in K\u00f6rfez’e d\u00f6nmeleri haftalar s\u00fcrecek.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ok az say\u0131da tankerin y\u00fckleme veya bo\u015faltma yapabilmesi ve karadaki depolama alanlar\u0131n\u0131n dolu olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, \u00fcreticiler kuyular\u0131 kapatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu durum, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 hacimleri karadan boru hatlar\u0131yla y\u00f6nlendirme \u00e7abalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen b\u00f6lgesel petrol \u00fcretiminin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden oldu. Kuyular\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flatmak bir d\u00fc\u011fmeye basmak gibi de\u011fil; pahal\u0131 ve teknik olarak zorlu bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n
Ekonomistler ve tar\u0131m uzmanlar\u0131, market faturalar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki ger\u00e7ek etkinin muhtemelen 2026 boyunca ve 2027’ye kadar devam edece\u011fi konusunda uyar\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, K\u00f6rfez enerji end\u00fcstrisinin sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasar g\u00f6ren veya yok olan tesisleri onarmas\u0131 y\u0131llar alacak.<\/p>\n
Emtia piyasalar\u0131n\u0131 takip eden bir veri ve analiz firmas\u0131 olan Kpler’in Al Jazeera A\u00e7\u0131k Kaynak Birimi taraf\u0131ndan analiz edilen nakliye verileri, Irak, Kuveyt, Umman, Katar, Suudi Arabistan ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri’nden yap\u0131lan toplam ihracat\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda 469 milyon varilden Mart ay\u0131nda 263 milyon varile d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor \u2013 bu, 206 milyon varil veya y\u00fczde 44’l\u00fck bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f keskin ancak alt\u0131 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda e\u015fit de\u011fildi; baz\u0131 \u00fclkeler liman konumlar\u0131na ve boru hatt\u0131 alternatiflerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak di\u011ferlerinden \u00e7ok daha sert etkilendi.<\/p>\n
Irak’\u0131n ham petrol ihracat\u0131 en a\u011f\u0131r darbeyi ald\u0131; \u015eubat ay\u0131nda 94 milyon varilden Mart ay\u0131nda 17 milyon varile d\u00fc\u015ferek y\u00fczde 82’lik bir gerileme ya\u015fad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kuveyt ve Katar, ham petrol sevkiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti; s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fczde 75 ve y\u00fczde 70’lik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler ya\u015fand\u0131.<\/p>\n
Suudi Arabistan ve BAE, s\u0131ras\u0131yla y\u00fczde 34 ve y\u00fczde 26’l\u0131k daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck orant\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fad\u0131; bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f k\u0131smen y\u00fczen depolama ve H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’n\u0131 bypass eden boru hatlar\u0131 ile dengelendi.<\/p>\n
Umman tek istisnayd\u0131; limanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu Bo\u011faz’\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130hracat\u0131 y\u00fczde 16 artarak 25 milyon varilden 29 milyon varile y\u00fckseldi ve genel a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapatmaya sadece biraz yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan bu yana kaybedilen 206 milyon varil K\u00f6rfez petrol\u00fc, k\u00fcresel enerji ticaretinin i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcper tankerleri olan yakla\u015f\u0131k 103 \u00c7ok B\u00fcy\u00fck Ham Petrol Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (VLCC) doldurabilir.<\/p>\n
VLCC’ler okyanustaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en a\u011f\u0131r gemiler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r ve d\u00fcnya okyanuslar\u0131 boyunca yakla\u015f\u0131k iki milyon varil ham petrol ta\u015f\u0131mak \u00fczere in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Yaln\u0131zca Ultra B\u00fcy\u00fck Ham Petrol Ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 (ULCC) gemiler, \u00fc\u00e7 milyon varil ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesiyle daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
ULCC’ler, en az 24 metre (80 fit) derinli\u011fe sahip olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in VLCC’lerden daha az yayg\u0131nd\u0131r, bu da onlar\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu su yolunda ve k\u00fcresel limanlarda seyretmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok derin yapar.<\/p>\n
Bunu bir perspektife oturtmak gerekirse, tek bir VLCC yakla\u015f\u0131k 330 metre (1.080 fit) uzunlu\u011fundad\u0131r, bu da Paris’teki Eyfel Kulesi’nin y\u00fcksekli\u011fiyle neredeyse ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Teknik olarak daha uzun yolcu gemileri olsa da, VLCC’ler deplasman ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131ma kabiliyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en b\u00fcy\u00fckleridir.<\/p>\n
VLCC’ler tipik olarak 50-60 metre (164-197 fit) geni\u015fli\u011findedir ve tam y\u00fckl\u00fc olduklar\u0131nda 20-22 metre (66-72 fit) derinli\u011fe sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Bir varil ham petrol 159 litre veya 42 ABD galonu i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
Rafine edildi\u011finde, bir varil tipik olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 73 litre (19.36 galon) benzin \u00fcretir; geri kalan\u0131ndan dizel, jet yak\u0131t\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00fcr\u00fcnler elde edilir.<\/p>\n
Daha pratik terimlerle ifade etmek gerekirse, ortalama 24 mil\/galon (veya 100 km’de 10 litre) yak\u0131t t\u00fcketen bir pikap kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, bir varil ham petrol sizi yakla\u015f\u0131k 730 km veya 450 mil ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r. Bu, New York City’den Cleveland, Ohio’ya olan mesafeye yak\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ham petrol, kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt i\u00e7eri\u011fine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u00fck\u00fcrt miktar\u0131na sahip petrol, tatl\u0131 ham petrol olarak bilinir ve daha az rafinasyon gerektirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in daha de\u011ferlidir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel referans noktas\u0131, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k ve Norve\u00e7 aras\u0131ndaki Kuzey Denizi’nden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Brent ham petrol\u00fc olarak bilinir. Teksas’tan elde edilen West Texas Intermediate (WTI) ise ABD referans noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Petrol k\u00fcresel bir emtia olarak i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr, bu da herhangi bir aksakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bir \u00fclkenin petrol\u00fcn\u00fc nereden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n zincirleme bir etki yaratabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde petrol varil ba\u015f\u0131na 100 dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde i\u015flem g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve 2 Nisan’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 128 dolarla zirveye ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
ABD-\u0130srail’in \u0130ran’a kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131 28 \u015eubat’ta ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, Brent’in ortalama fiyat\u0131 varil ba\u015f\u0131na yakla\u015f\u0131k 65 dolard\u0131.<\/p>\n
#\u0130ranSava\u015f\u0131 #PetrolKrizi #H\u00fcrm\u00fczBo\u011faz\u0131 #EnerjiKrizi #K\u00fcreselEkonomi #PetrolFiyatlar\u0131 #Tankerler #Ortado\u011fu #HamPetrol #EkonomikEtki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
40 g\u00fcnl\u00fck \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve \u0130ran \u00c7ar\u015famba sabah\u0131 iki haftal\u0131k bir ate\u015fkeste anla\u015ft\u0131. M\u00fczakerelerin Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc Pakistan’\u0131n ba\u015fkenti \u0130slamabad’da ba\u015flamas\u0131 bekleniyor. \u0130ran’\u0131n 10 maddelik teklifindeki kilit noktalardan biri, d\u00fcnya petrol ve gaz\u0131n\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131nda y\u00fczde 20’sinin ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan bu yana neredeyse kapal\u0131 olan H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flamas\u0131na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iran_haberler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1338\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}