{"id":2047,"date":"2026-04-16T04:55:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:25:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/hurmuz-bogazindaki-ve-cevresindeki-deniz-mayinlari-hakkinda-neler-biliyoruz\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T04:55:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T01:25:05","slug":"hurmuz-bogazindaki-ve-cevresindeki-deniz-mayinlari-hakkinda-neler-biliyoruz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/?p=2047&lang=tr","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’ndaki ve \u00c7evresindeki Deniz May\u0131nlar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Neler Biliyoruz?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ordusu, sava\u015f gemilerinin H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’nda \u0130ran taraf\u0131ndan d\u00f6\u015fenen may\u0131nlar\u0131 temizlemek i\u00e7in bir operasyon d\u00fczenleyece\u011fini duyurdu. <\/p>\n

Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Orta Do\u011fu’daki ABD askeri operasyonlar\u0131ndan sorumlu olan Merkez Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (CENTCOM), g\u00f6revin g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc f\u00fcze destroyeri USS Frank E Peterson ve USS Michael Murphy taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilece\u011fini ve ABD ile \u0130srail’in 28 \u015eubat’ta \u0130ran’a kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130ran’\u0131n su yolunu neredeyse kapatmas\u0131ndan sonra k\u00fcresel ticaretin serbest ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u201cg\u00fcvenli ge\u00e7i\u015f yolu\u201d<\/b> olu\u015fturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. <\/p>\n

\u00c7ar\u015famba g\u00fcn\u00fc, ABD ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere izin vermek i\u00e7in iki haftal\u0131k ate\u015fkesin duyurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u0130ran Devrim Muhaf\u0131zlar\u0131 Ordusu (IRGC), H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’n\u0131n bir haritas\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlayarak gemilerin bo\u011fazdan ge\u00e7mesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir rota oldu\u011funu iddia etti. Harita, gemileri geleneksel Umman k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na daha yak\u0131n rotadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak \u0130ran k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na do\u011fru daha kuzeye y\u00f6nlendiriyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n

IRGC yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u201cana trafik b\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7e\u015fitli tipte gemisavar may\u0131nlar\u0131n bulunma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/b> nedeniyle t\u00fcm gemilerin navigasyon i\u00e7in yeni haritay\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bildirdi. <\/p>\n

Riskler y\u00fcksek. Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesinde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n petrol ve s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011fal gaz (LNG) tedarikinin be\u015fte biri H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden sevk ediliyordu. Uzmanlar, tek bir may\u0131n\u0131n bile operat\u00f6rleri daha geni\u015f bir tehdit oldu\u011funu varsaymaya zorlamak, sigortay\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmak ve su yolunu kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in yeterli oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. <\/p>\n

Deniz May\u0131nlar\u0131 Nelerdir ve Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar?<\/h3>\n

Deniz may\u0131nlar\u0131, modern sava\u015fta en uygun maliyetli silahlar olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Philadelphia merkezli D\u0131\u015f Politika Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (FPRI) taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir analize g\u00f6re, geli\u015fmi\u015f modern may\u0131nlar on binlerce dolara mal edilebilirken, ekonomik ve stratejik maliyetleri kat kat daha y\u00fcksek olabilir. <\/p>\n

Denizcilik analistleri, \u0130ran’\u0131n may\u0131n stokunun 2.000 ila 6.000 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011funu tahmin ediyor ve bunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yurt i\u00e7inde \u00fcretiliyor. Bu silahlar genellikle hedefleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime girdiklerine g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 kategoriye ayr\u0131l\u0131r: <\/p>\n

    \n
  • Temas May\u0131nlar\u0131:<\/b> Bunlar, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’na kadar uzanan M-08 gibi geleneksel tasar\u0131mlard\u0131r. Deniz taban\u0131na demirlenirler ve bir geminin g\u00f6vdesiyle fiziksel temas \u00fczerine patlarlar.<\/li>\n
  • Dip (Etki) May\u0131nlar\u0131:<\/b> Maham-2 gibi modeller deniz taban\u0131nda durur ve ge\u00e7en gemilerin akustik, manyetik veya bas\u0131n\u00e7 imzalar\u0131yla tetiklenirler. Bu da onlar\u0131 demirli \u00e7e\u015fitlerden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha zor tespit edilebilir ve temas may\u0131nlar\u0131ndan daha tehlikeli hale getirir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc patlamay\u0131 tetiklemek i\u00e7in geminin may\u0131na dokunmas\u0131 bile gerekmez.<\/li>\n
  • ‘Ak\u0131ll\u0131’ ve Roket May\u0131nlar\u0131:<\/b> Bildirildi\u011fine g\u00f6re ithal edilen \u00c7in yap\u0131m\u0131 EM-52 roket may\u0131nlar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere daha geli\u015fmi\u015f sistemler, 200 metreye (656 fit) kadar derinliklerde deniz taban\u0131na demirli kal\u0131r. \u00dczerlerinden bir gemi ge\u00e7ti\u011fini alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131nda, geminin alt k\u0131sm\u0131na \u00e7arpan bir roket f\u0131rlat\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/p>\n

    May\u0131nlar Bo\u011fazda Nereye Yerle\u015ftirildi?<\/h3>\n

    Bunun net bir cevab\u0131 yok. \u0130ranl\u0131lar, may\u0131nlar\u0131 nereye yerle\u015ftirdiklerini resmi olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131lar, sadece bo\u011fazda may\u0131n olabilece\u011fini belirttiler. ABD sava\u015f gemilerinin \u015fu anda may\u0131n ar\u0131yor olmas\u0131, Washington’\u0131n da olas\u0131 may\u0131nlar\u0131n yerini bilmedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. <\/p>\n

    Ancak, Washington Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu Politikas\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’ndeki askeri analistler, konu\u015fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde bu may\u0131nlar\u0131n yerle\u015fiminin, K\u00f6rfez’in co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak uluslararas\u0131 trafi\u011fi dar, savunmas\u0131z kanallara zorlamak i\u00e7in stratejik olarak hesaplanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini belirtiyorlar. <\/p>\n

    Ge\u00e7en hafta IRGC taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan haritan\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, \u0130ran a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a deniz trafi\u011fini daha \u00f6nce oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha yak\u0131n kendi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na y\u00f6nlendiriyor. <\/p>\n

    Al Jazeera’ye konu\u015fan emekli Rumen deniz subay\u0131 ve MARSEC (Kuzey Amerika \u00fc\u00e7 kademeli deniz g\u00fcvenlik sistemi) uzman\u0131 Alexandru Cristian Hudisteanu, sava\u015f oyunlar\u0131 senaryolar\u0131nda, sistematik may\u0131n d\u00f6\u015femenin belirli su alanlar\u0131na eri\u015fimi engellemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Hudisteanu, \u201cBir bo\u011faz i\u00e7in, bir \u00f6rnek ge\u00e7i\u015f yolunun t\u00fcm geni\u015fli\u011fini may\u0131nlamak veya ger\u00e7ek bo\u011faz\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc engellemek olacakt\u0131r\u201d<\/b> dedi. Ancak, may\u0131nlar\u0131n fiziksel konumunun, yaratt\u0131klar\u0131 psikolojik etkiden daha az \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu konusunda uyard\u0131. \u015e\u00f6yle dedi: \u201cMay\u0131nl\u0131 alan her yerde olmak zorunda de\u011fil, ancak oradan ge\u00e7mek zorunda olanlar\u0131n zihninde her yerde olabilir.\u201d<\/b> <\/p>\n

    ABD, \u0130ran’\u0131n May\u0131n D\u00f6\u015feme Operasyonlar\u0131na Kar\u015f\u0131 Koyabilir mi?<\/h3>\n

    H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 etraf\u0131ndaki siyasi gerilimler doruk noktas\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131. Mart ay\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda, \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir IRGC dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 bo\u011faz\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlara \u201ckapal\u0131\u201d<\/b> ilan ederken, belirli gemilerin ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin verdi. <\/p>\n

    ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Donald Trump, ABD g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin \u201ct\u00fcm\u201d<\/b> 28 \u0130ran may\u0131n d\u00f6\u015feme teknesini imha etti\u011fini iddia etti. Trump, may\u0131nlar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde \u201cdaha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f d\u00fczeyde\u201d<\/b> sonu\u00e7lar ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyard\u0131. <\/p>\n

    CENTCOM, ilk sald\u0131r\u0131 dalgas\u0131nda 16 \u0130ran gemisini vurdu\u011funu do\u011frulam\u0131\u015f olsa da, t\u00fcm may\u0131n d\u00f6\u015feme filosunun imha edildi\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynaklar taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frulanmad\u0131. <\/p>\n

    Deniz May\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 Temizlemek Ne Kadar Kolay?<\/h3>\n

    May\u0131n temizleme s\u00fcreci \u2013 may\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 tedbirleri (MCM) olarak bilinir \u2013 yava\u015f, metodik ve y\u00fcksek risklidir. Bireysel may\u0131nlar\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc sonar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cmay\u0131n avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/b> ve bunlar\u0131 tetiklemek i\u00e7in mekanik veya manyetik sistemlerin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cmay\u0131n s\u00fcp\u00fcrme\u201d<\/b> i\u015flemlerini i\u00e7erir. <\/p>\n

    Ancak, ABD Donanmas\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131n \u201cmay\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011fu\u201d<\/b> olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. FPRI’nin analizi, kurumsal ihmalin bu sava\u015ftan sadece aylar \u00f6nce \u00f6zel MCM varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n emekliye ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 detayland\u0131rd\u0131. Donanma, son d\u00f6rt Avenger s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 MCM gemisini Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda Bahreyn’de hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, uzun s\u00fcredir havadan may\u0131n s\u00fcp\u00fcrmenin bel kemi\u011fi olan MH-53E Sea Dragon helikopterleri de A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda a\u015famal\u0131 olarak kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. <\/p>\n

    Mevcut ABD stratejisi, k\u0131y\u0131 operasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ve MCM g\u00f6rev mod\u00fclleriyle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sava\u015f gemilerine dayan\u0131yor. Ancak, bu gemilerden sadece biri, USS Canberra, \u015fu anda b\u00f6lgede mevcut. <\/p>\n

    Hudisteanu, Al Jazeera’ye verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te, \u201cMCM birimleri genellikle tek bir i\u015fte iyidir ve minimal nokta savunmas\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her \u015feyde k\u00f6t\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d<\/b> dedi. Temizleme yaparken bu gemilerin k\u0131y\u0131 f\u00fczeleri veya h\u0131zl\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131 botlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cneredeyse oturan \u00f6rdekler\u201d<\/b> oldu\u011funu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir koruyucu destroyer ve u\u00e7ak ekran\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <\/p>\n

    #H\u00fcrm\u00fczBo\u011faz\u0131 #DenizMay\u0131nlar\u0131 #ABD #\u0130ran #OrtaDo\u011fu #K\u00fcreselTicaret #Donanma #May\u0131nTemizleme #Jeopolitik #DenizG\u00fcvenli\u011fi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ordusu, sava\u015f gemilerinin H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131’nda \u0130ran taraf\u0131ndan d\u00f6\u015fenen may\u0131nlar\u0131 temizlemek i\u00e7in bir operasyon d\u00fczenleyece\u011fini duyurdu. Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Orta Do\u011fu’daki ABD askeri operasyonlar\u0131ndan sorumlu olan Merkez Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (CENTCOM), g\u00f6revin g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc f\u00fcze destroyeri USS Frank E Peterson ve USS Michael Murphy taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilece\u011fini ve ABD ile \u0130srail’in 28 \u015eubat’ta \u0130ran’a kar\u015f\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2048,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iran_haberler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2047\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}