BBC 7 saat \u00f6nce Okuma s\u00fcresi: 7 dakika ABD, \u0130srail ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki gerilimin ortas\u0131nda, askeri uzman Akram Kharif “Tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n G\u00f6lgesinde” adl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kitapta, \u0130ran’\u0131n insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 (\u0130HA) end\u00fcstrisindeki geli\u015fimi ve ABD yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130ran’\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen askeri g\u00fc\u00e7lerinden biri haline gelme yollar\u0131<\/b> a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u0130ran insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bilgiler, L\u00fcbnan Hizbullah\u0131 ile \u0130srail aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r sava\u015f raporlar\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Baz\u0131 \u0130HA kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan detayl\u0131 incelemeler sonucunda, Yemen’deki Husilerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7larla \u0130ran’da \u00fcretilenler aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edildi.<\/b><\/p>\n
Eyl\u00fcl 2022’de, \u0130ran’\u0131n Rusya’ya askeri insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberi d\u00fcnyay\u0131 \u015fok etti.<\/b> Bu durum, Ukrayna’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Kiev semalar\u0131nda u\u00e7an iki (Shahed 136) model \u0130HA’n\u0131n foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan geldi.<\/p>\n
40 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir yapt\u0131r\u0131m alt\u0131nda olan bir \u00fclke, d\u00fcnya g\u00f6z\u00fcndeki konumunu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirebildi?<\/b> Bu ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ne \u00fcretti?<\/p>\n
1979’da \u0130ran’a uygulanan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, \u0130ran liderlerini kendi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yollar aramaya zorlad\u0131. Bu durum, onlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f yard\u0131ma g\u00fcvenmek yerine yerel \u00fcretime y\u00f6neltti.<\/b> Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar sonucunda \u0130ran, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerle bir ittifak kurdu. Kendi yerel teknolojilerine g\u00fcvendi, baz\u0131 ekipmanlar\u0131n eksikli\u011fine sab\u0131r g\u00f6sterdi ve azimle direndi.<\/p>\n
Muhammed R\u0131za Pehlevi \u015eah\u0131, Ocak 1979’da \u00fclkeyi terk etti\u011finde, \u0130ran’\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc askeri g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ran Hava Kuvvetleri’nde F-14 Tomcats, F-4 Phantoms ve F-5 Tigers gibi u\u00e7aklar bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n
O d\u00f6nemde \u0130ran ordusu, ekipman a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ABD, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa ordular\u0131ndan sonra d\u00fcnyada be\u015finci s\u0131radayd\u0131.<\/b> F-14 Tomcat sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, o zamanlar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f sava\u015f u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olan bu u\u00e7ak sayesinde \u0130ran ordusunun Almanya, \u00c7in ve rakibi \u0130srail’den daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n
En \u00e7ok okunan Ancak u\u00e7aklar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131, \u0130ran’daki \u00e7ok say\u0131da Amerikal\u0131 m\u00fchendis ve teknik uzmana ba\u011fl\u0131yd\u0131 ve yedek par\u00e7alar\u0131 Grumman \u015firketinden ABD’den temin ediliyordu. Bu nedenlerle u\u00e7aklar, i\u015fletilmeleri i\u00e7in tamamen ABD’ye ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131yd\u0131.<\/b><\/p>\n
\u015eah’\u0131n devrilmesinden sonra, \u0130ranl\u0131 komutanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ya \u00fclkeden ka\u00e7t\u0131 ya \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ya da hapse at\u0131ld\u0131. Amerikal\u0131 m\u00fchendisler ve teknik uzmanlar \u0130ran’\u0131 terk etti ve Amerikan \u015firketleri yeni \u0130ran h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle olan anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 feshetti.<\/b><\/p>\n
Karde\u015fin reddi Eyl\u00fcl 1980’de Irak g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u0130ran’a sald\u0131rd\u0131 ve iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda sekiz y\u0131l s\u00fcren bir sava\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/b> Kimyasal silahlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 silahlar kullan\u0131ld\u0131 ve bu d\u00f6nemde yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon insan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Bu sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Irak g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckleri nedeniyle daha avantajl\u0131yd\u0131. Irak ordusu Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nden u\u00e7aklar sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve hareketlerini belirlemek i\u00e7in Sovyet uydular\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Ancak \u0130ran taraf\u0131nda, ordusu zorlu ko\u015fullarda sava\u015f\u0131yor ve ke\u015fif raporlar\u0131na eri\u015fimden mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
Bu nedenle \u0130ran, kendisini s\u00fcrekli tehdit eden \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda hayatta kalabilmek i\u00e7in teknolojik geli\u015fmelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyordu.<\/b> Uygulanan ekonomik yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar da kendini yenileme yetene\u011fini engelliyordu. Bu y\u00fczden, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan sat\u0131n almak yerine yerel olarak yenilik\u00e7i \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmeye yemin ettiler.<\/b><\/p>\n
Basit bir fikir: D\u00fc\u015fman konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve hareketlerini g\u00f6sterebilecek u\u00e7aklar u\u00e7urulam\u0131yorsa, belki de evden kontrol edilebilecek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir teknoloji bu i\u015fi yapabilir.<\/b> Bu teknoloji basit, tespiti zor ve \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 bilgiler sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n
1981’den itibaren \u0130ranl\u0131lar, bu cihaz\u0131 ve \u00fczerine nas\u0131l bir kamera yerle\u015ftirilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu fikir ilk olarak \u0130sfahan \u00dcniversitesi’nde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve m\u00fchendislik \u00f6\u011frencileri g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak bu fikri geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u0130lk prototipi \u00fcrettiler, daha sonra geli\u015ftirdiler ve \u00fclkenin liderlerine sundular.<\/p>\n
Y\u0131llarca s\u00fcren denemeler ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u0130sfahan \u00dcniversitesi’nden \u00fc\u00e7 gen\u00e7, cihaz\u0131 bir araya getirerek Huzistan eyaletinde test etti: Farshid adl\u0131 sivil bir pilot ve Saeed ile Masoud adl\u0131 fizik \u00f6\u011frencileri bu i\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n
Cihaz\u0131n test verileri orduya sunuldu\u011funda, baz\u0131lar\u0131 alay etti. Al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k bir malzemeden yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha \u00e7ok bir oyuncak bebe\u011fe benziyordu. El yap\u0131m\u0131 bir pervane tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve yak\u0131t deposu, hastanelerde ila\u00e7 verilen torbalar gibi bir plastikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk askeri insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenen bu u\u00e7ak 40 kilometre yol kat ederek bir Irak askeri \u00fcss\u00fcne ula\u015ft\u0131 ve askeri konumlar ile hareketlerin net foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti.<\/b> Thunder Taburu’ndan komutlar al\u0131yordu ve bu olaydan sonra insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n resmi \u00fcretimine ba\u015flama karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/b><\/p>\n
Bu proje \u00f6\u011frencilerin elinden al\u0131narak h\u00fck\u00fcmete devredildi. \u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n montaj\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli malzemeleri temin etmek amac\u0131yla, baz\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u015fmak ve bu malzemeleri elde etmek i\u00e7in di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle ili\u015fki kurmak zorunda kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
IRGC, Dubai’de bir \u015firket kurdu ancak Singapur’dan bir \u015firket arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerden ekipman sat\u0131n ald\u0131.<\/b> Bu malzemeler \u0130sfahan \u00dcniversitesi’ne getiriliyor ve orada monte ediliyordu. Bu, Ukrayna’da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclen Shahed 136’dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir cihaz i\u00e7in yeterli bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131, \u0130ran’\u0131n 1983’teki Irak Sava\u015f\u0131’nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Raad Taburu’ndaki m\u00fchendisler 1987’de askeri insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 \u00fcretme fikrini geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. U\u00e7an ara\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman foto\u011fraflar\u0131 ve hareketlerini \u00e7ekiyordu, ancak bu daha fazla teknolojik geli\u015fme gerektiriyordu ve daha sonra Raad, “Mohajir” adl\u0131 bu teknolojiyi \u00fcretti.<\/p>\n
1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ran, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Drone olarak bilinen “silahl\u0131 insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131” (S\u0130HA) kullanan ilk \u00fclkelerden biriydi.<\/b> ABD, T\u00fcrkiye ve \u0130srail bu t\u00fcr u\u00e7aklar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olsa da, \u0130ran onlar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde \u00f6nc\u00fc konumdayd\u0131.<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0130ran’\u0131n askeri insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemliydi ve 1988’de \u00fcretildiklerinde 50 kilometreden fazla menzile sahip de\u011fillerdi. Ancak 2026’da, geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u0130ran u\u00e7aklar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkenin \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7erek \u0130srail’e sald\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefledi ve bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar \u0130ran i\u00e7inden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi.<\/b><\/p>\n
K\u0131sacas\u0131, askeri sald\u0131r\u0131lar i\u00e7in Drone ad\u0131 verilen u\u00e7aklar\u0131 ilk kullanan \u0130srail’di, ABD’den \u00f6nce.<\/b> 1973’teki M\u0131s\u0131r Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda bunlar\u0131 kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
1982’de L\u00fcbnan’\u0131 i\u015fgal ettiklerinde, \u0130srail, Bekaa Vadisi’ndeki Suriye f\u00fcze mevzilerine sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Scott ve Mustif tiplerini kulland\u0131. Bu, askeri bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ilk kullan\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6n de\u011fi\u015fimi Bir insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 \u00fcretmek 20.000 ABD dolar\u0131na mal oluyordu, ancak \u0130ran \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda 100’den fazla u\u00e7ak f\u0131rlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak h\u0131zl\u0131, hafif ve sald\u0131r\u0131 odakl\u0131 tasarlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu nedenle \u0130HA sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00e7ok etkiliydi ve f\u00fczeler, \u0130HA’lara g\u00f6re %10 ila %20 daha pahal\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n
2019’da Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n Aramco petrol \u015firketine yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131, \u0130ran’\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu yeni insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tehlikesini g\u00f6sterdi, zira Amerikan hava savunma sistemleri bile \u0130ran’da monte edilen u\u00e7aklar\u0131 durduramad\u0131. Her ne kadar Husiler sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 \u00fcstlense de, u\u00e7aklar\u0131n \u0130ran’dan m\u0131 yoksa Irak’tan m\u0131 f\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya de\u011ferdi.<\/p>\n
Sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu hasar milyarlarca dolar\u0131 bulurken, sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n maliyeti milyonlarca dolar\u0131 a\u015fm\u0131yordu.<\/b> Bu da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131nda kimin kazan\u0131p kimin kaybetti\u011fini g\u00f6stermeye yeterliydi.<\/b><\/p>\n
#\u0130ran\u0130HA #\u0130nsans\u0131zHavaAra\u00e7lar\u0131 #AskeriTeknoloji #DroneSava\u015f\u0131 #Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar #SavunmaSanayii #Ortado\u011fu #Jeopolitik #Shahed136 #AskeriGeli\u015fmeler<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
BBC 7 saat \u00f6nce Okuma s\u00fcresi: 7 dakika ABD, \u0130srail ve \u0130ran aras\u0131ndaki gerilimin ortas\u0131nda, askeri uzman Akram Kharif “Tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n G\u00f6lgesinde” adl\u0131 bir kitap yay\u0131mlad\u0131. Kitapta, \u0130ran’\u0131n insans\u0131z hava arac\u0131 (\u0130HA) end\u00fcstrisindeki geli\u015fimi ve ABD yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0130ran’\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen askeri g\u00fc\u00e7lerinden biri haline gelme yollar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor. \u0130ran insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin bilgiler, L\u00fcbnan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iran_haberler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanak.news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}